The Gabonese Republic signed the Mine Ban Treaty on 3 December 1997 and ratified it on 8 September 2000, becoming a State Party on 1 March 2001. Gabon has not enacted new legislation specifically to implement the Mine Ban Treaty.

Gabon has not attended any recent meetings of the treaty. It did not attend the Third Review Conference in Maputo in June 2014. Gabon submitted its initial Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 report on 25 September 2002 but has not submitted subsequent annual reports.

Gabon is party to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW), and on 22 September 2010 Gabon ratified the CCW Protocol II on landmines and CCW Protocol V on explosive remnants of war. Gabon is not party to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

Gabon has never used, produced, or exported antipersonnel mines. It destroyed its stockpile of 1,082 antipersonnel mines before the treaty entered into force for it. It is not known if Gabon retained any mines for training purposes.