Gabon
Cluster Munition Ban Policy
Summary
Non-signatory Gabon has not acceded to the Convention on Cluster Munitions, despite pledging to do so on several occasions. It last attended a meeting of the convention in 2015. Gabon voted in favor of the key annual United Nations (UN) resolution promoting the convention in December 2021.
Gabon states that it has never used, stockpiled, or transferred cluster munitions. It is not known to have produced them.
Policy
The Gabonese Republic has not acceded to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
Gabon has not taken any steps to accede to the convention, despite making several positive statements since 2011 expressing its desire to join.[1] At the First Review Conference in 2015, Gabon told States Parties that it shared the convention’s humanitarian goals and hoped to join it.[2] However, in April 2017, Gabon’s Permanent Representative to the UN in Geneva said it was not “appropriate” for Gabon to accede in the immediate future “for internal reasons.”[3]
Gabon did not participate in the Oslo Process that created the Convention on Cluster Munitions.[4]
Gabon participated as an observer at the convention’s meetings until 2015.[5] It was invited to, but did not attend, the Second Review Conference held in November 2020 and September 2021.
Gabon voted in favor of a key United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution urging states outside the Convention on Cluster Munitions to “join as soon as possible” in December 2021.[6] Gabon has voted in favor of the annual UNGA resolution promoting the convention since it was first introduced in 2015.[7]
Gabon has voted in favor of UNGA resolutions expressing outrage at the use of cluster munitions in Syria.[8] It has also voted for Human Rights Council resolutions condemning this use.[9]
Gabon is a State Party to the Mine Ban Treaty. It is also party to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW).
Use, production, transfer, and stockpiling
Gabon told States Parties in 2012 and 2013 that it has never used, stockpiled, or transferred cluster munitions.[10] Gabon is not known to have ever produced cluster munitions.
[1] Statement of Gabon, Convention on Cluster Munitions Fourth Meeting of States Parties, Lusaka, 11 September 2013. Gabon was represented by Lt.-Col. Emile Blanchard Sadi, Focal Point of the Ministry of Defense on Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disarmament. In September 2012, the same representative said that Gabon’s President Ali Bongo Ondimba and its institutions were convinced of the merits and humanitarian objectives of the convention and acknowledged the need for Gabon to join “soon.” Statement of Lt.-Col. Emile Blanchard Sadi, Convention on Cluster Munitions Third Meeting of States Parties, Oslo, 11 September 2011.
[2] Statement of Gabon, Convention on Cluster Munitions First Review Conference, Dubrovnik, 7–11 September 2015.
[3] “Les autorités gabonaises avaient déjà été saisies à ce sujet et qu'elles n'avaient pas jugé opportun pour le Gabon, du moins dans l'immédiat, d'adhérer à cette Convention, pour des raisons internes.” Unofficial translation from the original in French. Letter No. 536MPGG/Ed.K.M./2017 from Amb. Marianne Odette Bibalou Bounda, Permanent Representative of Gabon to the UN in Geneva, 20 April 2017.
[4] In October 2010, Gabon attended a special event on the Convention on Cluster Munitions, held during a UN General Assembly (UNGA) First Committee on Disarmament and International Security meeting. Cluster Munition Coalition (CMC), “Special Event on the Convention on Cluster Munitions, 19 October 2010,” 22 October 2010.
[5] Gabon has also attended regional meetings on the convention, most recently in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in August 2016. See, Convention on Cluster Munitions, “Convention on Cluster Munitions Ratification Seminar,” Kampala, 29–30 May 2017; and “The Addis Ababa Commitment on Universalization and Implementation of the Convention on Cluster Munitions,” Africa Regional Workshop on the Universalization of the Convention on Cluster Munitions, Addis Ababa, 5 August 2016.
[6] “Implementation of the Convention on Cluster Munitions,” UNGA Resolution 76/47, 6 December 2021.
[7] Gabon was absent from the vote on Resolution 71/45 on 5 December 2016.
[8] “Situation of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic,” UNGA Resolution 71/203, 19 December 2016. Gabon voted in favor of similar UNGA resolutions in 2013–2015, but not in 2017–2018 or 2020.
[9] “The grave and deteriorating human rights and humanitarian situation in the Syrian Arab Republic,” Human Rights Council Resolution 29/L.4, 2 July 2015.
[10] Statement of Lt.-Col. Emile Blanchard Sadi, Convention on Cluster Munitions Third Meeting of States Parties, Oslo, 11 September 2012; and statement of Lt.-Col. Emile Blanchard Sadi, Convention on Cluster Munitions Fourth Meeting of States Parties, Lusaka, 11 September 2013.
Mine Ban Policy
The Gabonese Republic signed the Mine Ban Treaty on 3 December 1997 and ratified it on 8 September 2000, becoming a State Party on 1 March 2001. Gabon has not enacted new legislation specifically to implement the Mine Ban Treaty.
Gabon has not attended any recent meetings of the treaty. It did not attend the Third Review Conference in Maputo in June 2014. Gabon submitted its initial Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 report on 25 September 2002 but has not submitted subsequent annual reports.
Gabon is party to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW), and on 22 September 2010 Gabon ratified the CCW Protocol II on landmines and CCW Protocol V on explosive remnants of war. Gabon is not party to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.
Gabon has never used, produced, or exported antipersonnel mines. It destroyed its stockpile of 1,082 antipersonnel mines before the treaty entered into force for it. It is not known if Gabon retained any mines for training purposes.