Reporting of national and international funding for mine action remains a challenge, as methods and completeness of reporting financial contributions vary greatly among donors and among recipient countries. In-kind donations are also absent from some donors’ funding estimates, and where noted are often without valuations. The following overview is based on the best available information.

For 2006, Landmine Monitor identified more than US$475 million of international funding for mine action donated by 26 countries and the European Commission. This is a substantial increase of approximately $100 million, or 27 percent, from 2005. Much, but not all, of the increase was due to emergency funding for coordination and clearance in Lebanon following the July-August 2006 conflict; in some cases donor states provided emergency funds to Lebanon from sources outside planned mine action budgets.^[1]

The 2006 total of $475 million is the highest annual total of mine action recorded by Landmine Monitor, exceeding the previous highest annual total ($392 million in 2004) by approximately $83 million or more than 21 percent, and reversing the decrease registered in 2005. Excluding the increase in funding to Lebanon, total funding in 2006 was more than $37 million (roughly 10 percent) higher than in 2005 and roughly $21 million (about five percent) higher than in 2004. While funding overall was provided at record levels, not every mine-affected country received more funds in 2006 than in 2005. Notable increases occurred in some countries, for example, in Laos ($6.2 million increase) and Ethiopia ($5.3 million increase), while significant decreases were recorded in several countries including, for example, Sudan ($18 million decrease) and Sri Lanka ($9.1 million decrease); see later section on major mine action recipients. In 2006 as in previous years, funding was less than needed for many mine action programs.

Global Annual Mine Action Funding 1996-2006 (US$ millions)

The biggest contributors to global mine action in 2006 were the United States ($94.5 million), the European Commission ($87.3 million), Norway ($34.9 million), Canada ($28.9 million), Netherlands ($26.9 million), Japan ($25.3 million), United Arab Emirates ($19.9 million), United Kingdom ($19.3 million), Germany ($18.6 million) and Australia ($16.5 million). The largest contribution came from the EC combined with national funding by European Union member states, a total of $240.3 million (€191.2 million), as reported below.

Several donors provided more mine action funding than they had in any previous year. The EC, Canada, Netherlands, Denmark, Australia, Switzerland, Spain, Belgium, Ireland, Slovakia and Sweden each exceeded the amount of their previous highest annual contributions.^[2] United Arab Emirates may also have contributed more in 2006 than any other year (a breakdown of annual funding by the UAE 2002-2004 is not available).

Some donor states increased their funding of mine action in 2006 as a result of revised or new national mine action assistance strategies. Of the 20 largest donors, 16 provided more funding in 2006 than 2005, and four provided less. The United Arab Emirates contributed $19.9 million to Lebanon in 2006 ($310,000 in 2005―the largest annual percentage increase). Other increases in terms of national/EC currency were: Spain (347 percent), Ireland (118 percent), Slovakia (90 percent), Australia (88 percent), EC (81 percent), Netherlands (38 percent), Canada (32 percent), Denmark (27 percent), Sweden (26 percent), Italy (21 percent), Switzerland (17 percent), United States (15 percent), Belgium (eight percent), Finland (six percent) and New Zealand (two percent).

At least 12 of the 20 major donors increased their contributions by at least $1 million: the EC ($39.5 million), UAE ($19.6 million), United States ($12.6 million), Canada ($8.4 million), Australia ($7.6 million), Netherlands ($7.6 million), Slovakia ($6.8 million), Spain ($6.7 million), Sweden ($3.2 million), Denmark ($3.1 million), Ireland ($2.6 million) and Switzerland ($2 million). Greece also contributed $2.4 million in 2006, with no donations reported for 2005.

Countries with the greatest decreases in terms of national currency were: Japan (32 percent), France (15 percent), Germany (13 percent), United Kingdom (11 percent) and Norway (five percent). Decreases of at least $1 million were recorded by: Japan ($13.9 million), Germany ($2.5 million), United Kingdom ($2.1 million) and Norway ($1.6 million).

Over one-tenth percent of gross national income (GNI) was donated for mine action in 2006 by: Slovakia (0.026 percent), the UAE (0.019 percent) and Norway (0.011 percent). The next largest donors in terms of GNI were Denmark, the Netherlands, Sweden, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Finland and Ireland.

Additional Mine Action-Related Funding in 2006

The $475 million total for donor countries does not include contributions to research and development (R&D) into demining technologies. In 2006 R&D funding totaled at least $26.7 million. The global total also excludes some victim assistance funding and in-kind contributions, UN peacekeeping funds, and funding by mine-affected countries of their own mine action programs. To avoid double reporting of funds, Landmine Monitor also does not include mine action contributions by NGOs and the private sector; among such funding items identified in 2006 were: $4 million raised by Adopt-a-Minefield for mine action in 11 countries; $2.8 million contributed by The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund; and $3.2 million received by Landmine Survivors Network (LSN) in private grants and individual donations.^[3]

UNMAS reported more than $42 million allocated for mine action through UN peacekeeping funding in 2006 ($24.3 million in 2005). These funds covered the costs of mine action conducted in conjunction with peacekeeping operations mandated by the Security Council in the DR Congo, Ethiopia/Eritrea, Lebanon and Sudan. Expenditures from peacekeeping assessed budgets were reported as approximately $27 million in 2006.^[4]

National Funding of Mine Action

Contributions to mine action by mine-affected countries themselves are not included in the $475 million donor total. In addition, Landmine Monitor identified at least 24 mine-affected states making monetary or in-kind contributions to their own mine action in 2006, with contributions totaling at least $84.3 million. This compares with roughly $50 million in 2005—however, reporting of national funding is incomplete and may not allow valid year-on-year comparisons. Many mine-affected countries do not make information available on their mine action expenditures. Contributions by mine-affected countries/areas reported in this year’s Landmine Monitor country reports include the following:

• Albania provided $233,000, in addition to funding of rehabilitation projects and unvalued in-kind contributions;
• Angola allocated $2.5 million for mine clearance in 2006, compared to $3 million in 2005;
• Azerbaijan provided $1.2 million in 2006, compared to roughly $750,000 in 2005 and $250,000 in 2004;
• Bosnia and Herzegovina contributed BAM²0,070,706 ($12.5 million) from central and local authorities, an increase from BAM17,753,131 ($11.3 million) in 2005 (about 45 percent of the mine action budget in both years);
• Cambodia provided $1.2 million for mine action administration and programming;
• Chad contributed CFA165 million (some $300,000) to complement funding by UNDP;
• Chile provided $1.4 million, compared to approximately $1 million in government and armed forces contributions in 2005;
• Colombia provided COP2.562 billion ($1.1 million) for July 2006-June 2007, a large increase from $213,000 in July 2005-June 2006;
• Croatia provided HRK246,757,250 ($42.3 million) or 82 percent of mine action funding from state budgets and state and local bodies, compared with HRK192,769,625 ($32.4 million) or 57 percent in 2005;
• Guatemala allocated 1 million Quetzals (approximately $138,000) in 2006, and an additional $60,000 for residual clearance capacity, compared to total funding of $120,000 in 2005;
• Jordan provided JOD3,043,000 ($4.3 million) in 2006, including JOD373,000 ($529,809) in-kind;
• Kosovo contributed $106,000 through the UN Portfolio of Mine Action Projects to mine action in Kosovo;
• Lebanon provided in-kind contributions valued at $4 million, as well as additional contributions by the Lebanese Armed Forces for clearance of cluster munitions;
• Mauritania provided $750,000 for deminers’ salaries, equipment and infrastructure;
• Mozambique allocated MZN29.5 million ($1.1 million) in 2006, compared to MZN52.9 billion ($2.3 million) in 2005 and MZN178 billion ($7.9 million) in 2004;
• Peru gave 2,531,550 Soles ($795,413), including 881,550 Soles ($276,983) in monetary contributions;
• Rwanda provided $300,000, the same amount as reported for 2005;
• Serbia reported national funding of $770,897;
• Somaliland provided $15,000 for the Somaliland Mine Action Center;
• Sudan contributed $5.5 million, including full national coverage of some mine action expenses;
• Tajikistan gave $544,000, in addition to in-kind contributions;
• Thailand provided $480,744 in fiscal year 2006, compared to $950,000 in 2005;
• Yemen provided $3.5 million, or more than 50 percent of its national mine action budget; and,
• Zambia contributed $166,846, covering the Zambia Mine Action Center’s running costs and other mine action expenses.

Donor Coordination and Integration of Mine Action Funding with Development

Norway continued to chair the Mine Ban Treaty’s Resource Mobilization Contact Group (RMCG) in 2006. Among the issues addressed by the contact group during the year were assistance required by mine-affected States Parties to meet Article 5 mine clearance deadlines, data needed to improve allocation of mine action funding, and relevance of data to decision-makers. The United States assumed the chair of the Mine Action Support Group (MASG) in 2006, which it will retain until the end of 2007. There remained 27 donor states as members of the MASG in 2006.

In May 2006 the Mine Ban Treaty’s Contact Group on Linking Mine Action and Development was initiated by Canada to address the integration of mine action into the development sector, complementary to the work of the RMCG. The Contact Group first met at the Seventh Meeting of States Parties in September 2006. It intends to support States Parties in achieving the objectives of the Nairobi Action Plan and the OECD Peace and Development Cooperation Network in setting guidelines for donors addressing armed violence issues including mine action through development programming. In 2006 the Contact Group reported on the absence in some cases of an integrated approach by donors to security and development concerns in mine-affected countries, even where mine action had been integrated into poverty reduction and development plans, and the difficulty within development agencies of establishing mine action assistance through development funds in the face of competing priorities.^[5]

Several donor countries addressed the issue of integrating mine action funding with development programming in 2006. Australia’s A$75 million pledged funding for mine action 2005-2009 has been integrated into broader AUSAID development programs. Canada continued to work towards integration of its mine action budget into development and other funding channels. In the fiscal year 2006-2007 over C$23 million of mine action funding (from a total $34 million including R&D funds) came from sources outside of the dedicated Canadian Landmine Fund. At the Standing Committee meetings in April 2007, Canada stated that the Fund had been “virtually phased out.” ^[6]

The end of 2006 marked the transition in EC mine action funding from a dedicated budget line for mine action to the integration of funds within new instruments regulating external assistance, the so-called Stability, Pre-accession, Neighbourhood and Development instruments. Administering and reporting mine action budget priorities will shift from centralized administration to EC delegations concerned with mine-affected states. At the April 2007 Standing Committee meetings the ICBL expressed its concern that the loss of a focal point for mine action in Brussels may lead to reduced funding for mine action; in some mine-affected countries national governments and EC delegations are reluctant to include mine action among development priorities. The EC responded that it shared the ICBL’s concerns and that successful mainstreaming would rely on the proper implementation of new responsibilities within the EC. ^[7]

Funding Channels

In 2006 trust funds reported receiving at least $109.3 million in mine action funding, equivalent to 23 percent of total donor-reported contributions.

The UN Voluntary Trust Fund for Assistance in Mine Action (VTF), operated by UNMAS, received contributions of about $51 million in 2006 including core and multi-year funding. Funds were received for mine action in eight countries in 2006: Afghanistan, Angola, Burundi, DR Congo, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Lebanon and Sudan.^[8]

A total of $21.5 million, or 14.4 percent of its funds, was directed by the UNDP Thematic Trust Fund for Crisis Prevention and Recovery to mine action in 23 countries.^[9]

The UN Development Group (UNDG) Iraq Trust Fund received $2.4 million in mine action funding from Greece in 2006.

The UN Trust Fund for Human Security (UNTFHS) contributed $3.6 million to mine action in Sudan and Lebanon. UNTFHS is a single donor trust fund, receiving contributions exclusively from Japan.^[10]

The International Trust Fund for Demining and Mine Victims Assistance (ITF), based in Slovenia, received $30.8 million from 15 countries, the EC, UNDP, local authorities, government agencies and private donors in 2006. Funding was directed to mine action programs in Albania, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, FYR Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia (including Kosovo).^[11]

Mine Action Donors

Unless otherwise noted, figures are in US dollars.^[12] Totals do not include R&D funds, which are identified separately where known.

Donor Mine Action Funding by Year^[13][14][15]

1992-2006	$3.4 billion
2006	$475 million
2005	$375 million
2004	$392 million
2003	$339 million
2002	$324 million
2001	$237 million
2000	$243 million
1999	$219 million
1998	$187 million (incl. an estimated $9 m.)
1992-1997	$529 million (incl. an estimated $110 m.)

Donor Mine Action Funding 1992-2006: $3.4 billion

United States	$802.8 million
European Commission	$498.8 million
Norway	$290.5 million
Japan	$242.6 million
United Kingdom	$194.6 million
Canada	$177 million
Germany	$162.6 million
Netherlands	$160.8 million
Sweden	$141.5 million
Denmark	$124.3 million
Switzerland	$94 million
Australia	$91.6 million
United Arab Emirates	$69.9 million
Italy	$61.9 million
Finland	$58.4 million
Belgium	$41.1 million
France	$31.9 million
Slovakia	$24.9 million
Ireland	$21.1 million
Spain	$18.7 million
Austria	$18.4 million
New Zealand	$13.3 million
Greece	$12 million
Other countries	$37.1 million

 

The total of $37.1 million for other countries includes Luxembourg ($7.2 million), China ($6.2 million), South Korea ($5.2 million), Slovenia ($4.6 million), Czech Republic ($3.3 million), Poland ($3.3 million), Saudi Arabia ($3 million), Iceland ($2.8 million) and some $1.5 million from Brazil, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Portugal, South Africa and others.

 

Donor Mine Action Funding for 2006: $475 million^[16]

United States	$94.5 million	€75 million
EC	$87.3 million	€69.5 million
Norway	$34.9 million	€27.8 million
Canada	$28.9 million	€23 million
Netherlands	$26.9 million	€21.4 million
Japan	$25.3 million	€20.1 million
United Arab Emirates	$19.9 million	€15.8 million
United Kingdom	$19.3 million	€15.4 million
Germany	$18.6 million	€14.8 million
Australia	$16.5 million	€13.2 million
Sweden	$14.9 million	€11.9 million
Denmark	$14.5 million	€11.5 million
Switzerland	$14.1 million	€11.2 million
Slovakia	$14 million	€11.2 million
Spain	$8.6 million	€6.8 million
Belgium	$7.1 million	€5.6 million
Finland	$6.3 million	€5 million
Italy	$5.4 million	€4.3 million
Ireland	$4.8 million	€3.8 million
France	$3.3 million	€2.6 million
Greece	$2.4 million	€1.9 million
Austria	$2.2 million	€1.8 million
Poland	$1.3 million	€1.1 million
Luxembourg	$1.3 million	€1 million
Czech Republic	$1.2 million	€1 million
New Zealand	$0.9 million	€0.7 million
Slovenia	$0.8 million	€0.6 million

EC funding together with national funding by European Union member states totaled $240.3 million (€191.2 million) in 2006, as reported below.^[17] This combined total was the largest source of mine action funding in 2006, as in 2005. It was also a large increase from the 2005 combined total of $187 million identified by Landmine Monitor.

Mine Action Funding in 2006 as a percentage of Gross National Income^[18]

Slovakia	0.02635%
United Arab Emirates	0.01922%
Norway	0.01130%
Denmark	0.00516%
Netherlands	0.00385%
Sweden	0.00379%
Luxembourg	0.00369%
Switzerland	0.00330%
Finland	0.00297%
Ireland	0.00248%
Canada	0.00245%
Australia	0.00224%
Slovenia	0.00207%
Belgium	0.00175%
Greece	0.00098%
Czech Republic	0.00092%
United Kingdom	0.00080%
New Zealand	0.00076%
Spain	0.00072%
United States	0.00070%
Austria	0.00068%
Germany	0.00062%
Japan	0.00052%
Poland	0.00043%
Italy	0.00029%
France	0.00014%

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA - $802.8 million

2006	$94.5 million
2005	$81.9 million
2004	$96.5 million
2003	$80.6 million
2002	$73.8 million
2001	$69.2 million
2000	$82.4 million
1999	$63.1 million
1998	$44.9 million
1993-1997	$115.9 million

• Figures do not include mine victim assistance funding; funding for war victims programs totaled anadditional $14.75 million in fiscal year 2006.
• R&D totaled an additional $13.81 million in fiscal year 2006, $13.15 million in fiscal year 2005, and $159.8 million for fiscal years 1995-2006.

The United States provided $94,450,000 to mine action in 28 countries and other areas in 2006, compared to $81.9 million to 23 recipients in 2005. Emergency funding to Lebanon accounted for roughly $9.6 million of total funding.^[19]

 

EUROPEAN COMMISSION - $498.8 million^[20][21][22]

2006	$87.3 million	€69.5 million
2005	$47.7 million	€38.3 million
2004	$59.1 million	€47.5 million
2003	$64.5 million	€57 million
2002	$38.7 million	€40.7 million
2001	$23.5 million	€26.1 million
2000	$14.3 million	€15.9 million
1999	$15.5 million	€17.3 million
1998	$21.4 million	€23.8 million
1992-1997	$126.8 million	€141.2 million

• In 2006 the EC and EU member states together provided $240.3 million (€191.2 million) of mine action funding.
• With the mainstreaming of mine action funding within EC geographic and thematic budget lines, and the decentralization of budgeting and accounting from Brussels to EC delegations, Landmine Monitor can no longer obtain EC funding data from a single central source. EC data for 2006 has been collated from several sources, including EuropeAid, EC 2006 Annual Work Plan for Budget Line 19 02 04, and EC delegations to mine-affected countries. The necessity of working in this way increases the possibility of funding items being missed or, conversely, being double-counted, although every care has been taken.
• No R&D funding was reported by the EC in 2006. In 2005 EC R&D funding totaled €1,090,000 ($1,356,941), and from 1992-2006 €51 million.

The European Commission allocated €69,460,162 ($87,262,802) to mine action in 2006. This was an increase of 81.2 percent from €38,337,001 ($47,725,733) in 2005.^[23] Direct comparison is misleading, however, because the 2006 total includes multi-year commitments, funds allocated but not disbursed during the year, and funds incorporating some disbursements in previous years (as, for example, in the case of Angola), from which it has not been possible to fully identify and separate actual disbursements during 2006. The EC provided mine action funding to 25 countries and other areas in 2006, compared to 17 countries in 2005. Countries and other areas receiving EC funding in 2006 but not 2005 included Abkhazia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cambodia, Chechnya, Cyprus, Ethiopia, Kosovo, Laos, Lebanon, Mozambique, Nepal, Somalia, Somaliland, Thailand, Ukraine and Yemen. Those receiving EC funding in 2005 but not 2006 included Belarus, Croatia, Cyprus, Jordan and Uganda. Contributing to the increase in EC funding were significant contributions to Afghanistan (€26 million/$32.7 million), Angola (€12.4 million/$15.5 million), Lebanon (€7.5 million/$9.4 million), and Ethiopia (€3.9 million/$4.9 million).

The Commission of the European Communities (commonly known as the European Commission) most resembles the executive or civil service branch of government in the sense that it generates and executes policies, but does not legislate. It has been a donor to mine action since at least 1992 and a major donor since the creation of the Mine Ban Treaty.

During this reporting period the 25 member states of the European Union were Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, Those marked in bold are also major donors at the national level and are detailed in reports on national funding following in this section.

Neither the European Commission nor EU member states were able to provide a breakdown of how much of EC funding should be ascribed to individual member states. Therefore, it is not possible for Landmine Monitor to provide a complete picture of EU members’ mine action funding.

NORWAY - $290.5 million

2006	$34.9 million	NOK223.9 million
2005	$36.5 million	NOK235 million
2004	$34.3 million	NOK231.2 million
2003	$28.6 million	NOK202.4 million
2002	$25.4 million	NOK202.9 million
2001	$20 million	NOK176.9 million
2000	$19.5 million	NOK178.6 million
1999	$21.5 million	NOK178.6 million
1998	$24 million
1994-1997	$45.8 million	NOK343 million

• In previous years Norway has contributed to R&D: NOK3,983,375 ($618,421) in 2005, and NOK2,250,000 ($333,833) in 2004.^[24]

Norway’s mine action funding in 2006–NOK223,875,323 ($34,924,551), a five percent decrease from 2005 (NOK235,020,163 or $36,487,015)–was allocated to 15 countries/areas (18 in 2005), as well as to NGOs, GICHD, UN agencies and the Norwegian Red Cross. Countries receiving funds from Norway in 2006 but not 2005 included Guinea-Bissau and Montenegro, while Eritrea, Guatemala, Colombia, and Cambodia were among countries receiving funds in 2005 but not 2006.

 

JAPAN - $242.6 million^[25]

2006	$25.3 million	¥2,944 million
2005	$39.3 million	¥4,323 million
2004	$42.8 million	¥4,630 million
2003	$13 million	¥1,590 million
2002	$49.7 million	¥5,537 million
2001	$7.5 million	¥802 million
2000	$12.7 million	¥1,480 million
1999	$16 million	¥1,904 million
1998	$6.3 million	¥722 million
Pre-1998 approx.	$30 million

• R&D funding totaled ¥1,058 million ($9.1 million) in 2006, ¥811 million ($7.4 million) in 2005, and ¥3,424 million ($29.4 million) from 1999 to 2006.

In 2006 Japan contributed ¥2,944 million ($25.3 million), 32 percent less than in 2005 (¥4,323 million or $39.3 million). Much of the reduction was due to decreased funding for Sudan (¥624 million/$5.4 million in 2006; ¥2.1 billion/$19 million in 2005). Japan gave funds in 2006 to 14 countries including to Burundi, Jordan, Lebanon, Nicaragua and Senegal, none of which received funds from Japan in 2005. Colombia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq, Tajikistan and Yemen received funds from Japan in 2005 but not 2006.

UNITED KINGDOM - $194.6 million^[26][27]

2006-2007	$19.3 million	£10.5 million
2005-2006	$21.4 million	£11.8 million
2004-2005	$20.4 million	£11.1million
2003-2004	$20 million	£12.3 million
2002-2003	$18.5 million	£12.5 million
2001-2002	$15.4 million	£10.7 million
2000-2001	$21.5 million	£15 million
1999-2000	$20.4 million	£13.6 million
1998-1999	$6.5 million	£4.6 million
1993-1997	$31.2 million

• Figures do not include victim assistance funding.
• Additionally, R&D totaled £213,656 ($393,853) in 2006-2007, £1,777,563 ($3,235,165) in 2005-2006, and £9.1 million ($15 million) from 1999-2000 to 2005-2006.

UK funding of £10,491,251 ($19,339,572) in fiscal year 2006-2007 represented a decrease of 11 percent from 2005-2006. In 2006-2007 the UK Department for International Development (DfiD) reported mine action funding for 14 states and other areas. Abkhazia, Guinea-Bissau, Jordan, Laos and Lebanon received funds in 2006 but not in 2005. Ethiopia and Tajikistan received funds from the UK in 2005 but not in 2006. Funding to Lebanon totaled £2.3 million ($4.3 million) in 2006.

 

CANADA - $177 million ^[28][29][30]

2006	$28.9 million	C$32.8 million
2005	$20.5 million	C$24.8 million
2004	$22.6 million	C$29.5 million
2003	$22.5 million	C$30.8 million
2002	$15.1 million	C$22.3 million
2001	$15.5 million	C$24 million
2000	$11.9 million	C$17.7 million
1999	$15.2 million	C$23.5 million
1998	$9.5 million
1989-1997	$15.3 million	C$23.1 million

• Canada provided C$1,225,858 ($1,080,962) for R&D in 2006. Additionally, R&D funding totaled C$3.4 million ($2.8 million) in 2005, C$3.1 million ($2.4 million) in 2004, and $17.4 million from 1998-2006.

Canada’s mine action funding of C$32,770,866 ($28,897,350) in fiscal year 2006-2007 was an increase of 32 percent from 2005-2006 and the highest total reported for Canada to date. It provided funding to 28 countries and areas as well as regional bodies, UN agencies, NGOs, ICRC and GICHD. Funding to Lebanon totaled C$3.1 million ($2.8 million) in 2006, at least part of which was covered by emergency relief.^[31]

GERMANY - $162.6 million^[32]

2006	$18.6 million	€14.8 million
2005	$21.1 million	€17 million
2004	$18.7 million	€15 million
2003	$22.1 million	€19.5 million
2002	$19.4 million	€20.4 million
2001	$12.3 million	DM26.8 million, €13.7 million
2000	$14.5 million	DM27.6 million
1999	$11.4 million	DM21.7 million
1998	$10.1 million
1993-1997	$14.4 million

Germany’s funding of €14,838,320 ($18,641,381) in 2006 was a decrease of 13 percent from 2005, and included 20 countries and regions (21 in 2005). Countries and areas receiving funding in 2006 but not in 2005 included Chile, Mauritania, Tajikistan and Western Sahara. Countries receiving funding from Germany in 2005 but not in 2006 included Colombia, Eritrea, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and Somalia.

In May 2006 Germany stated that it no longer funds R&D, focusing in preference on mine clearance. No R&D funding was identified in 2005 and 2000-2003; 2004: €102,989 ($128,098); 1993-1999: $5.1 million.

THE NETHERLANDS - $160.7 million^[33][34]

2006	$26.9 million	€21.4 million
2005	$19.3 million	€15.5 million
2004	$19.3 million	€15.5 million
2003	$12.1 million
2002	$16 million
2001	$13.9 million	Dfl 32 million, €15.5 million
2000	$14.2 million	Dfl 35.4 million
1999	$8.9 million	Dfl 23 million
1998	$9.3 million
1996-97	$20.9 million

The Netherlands increased funding in 2006 by 38 percent, to €21,433,318 ($26,926,677); this was its highest total reported to date. It provided funding to 15 countries and other areas. Lebanon received significant funds in 2006 (€4,150,000/$5,213,645).

SWEDEN - $141.5 million^[35]

2006	$14.9 million	SEK110.1 million
2005	$11.7 million	SEK87.6 million
2004	$11.4 million	SEK83.5 million
2003	$12.7 million	SEK102.9 million
2002	$7.3 million	SEK71 million
2001	$9.8 million	SEK100.9 million
2000	$11.8 million	SEK107.9 million
1999	$9.8 million	SEK83.3 million
1998	$16.6 million	SEK129.5 million
1990-1997	$35.5 million

• All figures are for funds disbursed, with the exception of 1990-1996 (funds allocated).
• Figures do not include victim assistance funding.
• Sweden has in the past funded R&D (approximately $24 million 1994-1999 and $1.7 million in 2003); R&D funding in 2006 is not known.

In 2006 Sweden provided SEK110,063,937 ($14,935,677), a 26 percent increase in mine action funding, for nine countries/areas: Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Angola, Chechnya, Iraq, Lebanon, Nicaragua, Somalia and Sri Lanka. Countries receiving funds from Sweden in 2005 but not 2006 were DR Congo, Philippines and Senegal.

DENMARK - $124.3 million^[36]

2006	$14.5 million	DKK86.1 million
2005	$11.3 million	DKK67.7 million
2004	$13.7 million	DKK82.3 million
2003	$11.9 million	DKK78.6 million
2002	$10.6 million	DKK83.5 million
2001	$14.4 million	DKK119.4 million
2000	$13.4 million	DKK106.7 million
1999	$7 million	DKK49.9 million
1998	$6.2 million	DKK44.3 million
1992-1997	$21.3 million

• Figures for 1992-1995 do not include bilateral contributions.
• Denmark did not report R&D funding in 2006. It has funded R&D programs in the past, but the value is not known.

Denmark contributed DKK86,092,534 ($14,489,373) in 2006, the largest amount to date and a 27 percent increase compared to 2005. Funds included a contribution to Lebanon, which Denmark did not fund in 2005.

SWITZERLAND - $94 million^[37]

2006	$14.1 million	CHF 17.6 million
2005	$12.1 million	CHF15.1 million
2004	$10.9 million	CHF14.8 million
2003	$8.8 million
2002	$8.3 million
2001	$9.8 million
2000	$7.4 million
1999	$5.7 million
1998	unknown
1993-1997	$16.9 million

Switzerland’s 2006 mine action funding of CHF17,633,800 ($14,071,772) was a 17 percent increase from 2005, and its highest funding to date. The 2006 total included CHF8,020,000 ($6,399,960) for the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining and CHF9,613,800 ($7,671,812) for other mine action (non-GICHD funding in 2005 was CHF7,094,000/$5.7 million). Switzerland funded 13 countries and areas in 2006, and 13 in 2005. Chechnya and Jordan received funds from Switzerland in 2006 but not in 2005; the DR Congo and Vietnam received funds in 2005 but not in 2006. Sudan received a substantial increase in 2006 (CHF1,750,000/$1,396,500) compared to 2005 (CHF300,000/$240,790). The 2006 total includes an estimate of CHF2 million ($1,596,000) for in-kind contributions of personnel and material to various organizations by the Swiss Ministry of Defense.

The totals since 2000 include significant funds for GICHD, most of which could be counted as R&D funding. Swiss funding for GICHD totaled $6.4 million in 2006, $6 million in 2005, $6.1 million in 2004, $5.23 million in 2003, $4.35 million in 2002, $3.3 million in 2001 and $2.3 million in 2000, totaling some $33.7 million from 2000-2006.

Switzerland’s mine action strategy 2004-2007 forecast annual funding of roughly CHF16 million; funding in 2005 fell short of this target, while 2006 funding exceeded it. The strategy was under review in mid-2007.^[38]

AUSTRALIA - $91.6 million^[39][40]

2006-2007	$16.5 million	A$21.9 million
2005-2006	$8.9 million	A$11.7 million
2004-2005	$5.7 million	A$7.8 million
2003-2004	$5.5 million	A$8.2 million
2002-2003	$7.8 million	A$14.5 million
2001-2002	$6.6 million	A$12.9 million
2000-2001	$7.3 million	A$12.6 million
1999-2000	$7.9 million	A$12.4 million
1998-1999	$6.8 million	A$11.1 million
1995-1998	$18.6 million	A$24.9 million

• Australia has funded R&D programs in the past, but the total value is not known.

Australia’s funding of A$21,928,363 ($16,523,022) in fiscal year July 2006-June 2007 was an 88 percent increase, and its largest contribution to date, for mine action in 11 countries (seven in 2005). Funding in 2006 included A$1.5 million ($1,130,250) to Lebanon. The 2006-2007 level of funding, although much greater than the previous year, was reported to be in line with the overall A$75 million in funding committed by Australia for 2005-2010.^[41]

United Arab Emirates - $69.9 million

In 2006 the United Arab Emirates contributed $19,881,982 to Lebanon via the Operation Emirates Solidarity II program. The UAE previously reported that it provided $50 million to mine action in Lebanon from 2002-2004 (annual breakdown not available). The UAE contributed $3,332,751 for Lebanon through the UN Voluntary Trust Fund in 2002-2005, including $310,000 for follow-up activities to Operation Emirates Solidarity in 2005.

ITALY - $61.9 million^[42]

2006	$5.4 million	€4.3 million
2005	$4.5 million	€3.6 million
2004	$3.2 million	€2.5 million
2003	$5.8 million	€5.1 million
2002	$8.7 million	€9.9 million
2001	$5.1 million	L11.2 billion, €5.6 million
2000	$1.6 million	L4.3 billion, €1.7 million
1999	$5.1 million	L13.9 billion, €4.8 million
1998	$12 million	L20 billion
1995-1997	$10.5 million	L18 billion

Italy’s mine action funding of €4,322,741 ($5,430,660) in 2006 was a 21 percent increase from 2005, for 11 countries (six in 2005). Countries receiving funding from Italy in 2006 but not in 2005 were Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Lebanon, Nicaragua and Peru. Emergency funding to Lebanon totaled $2,512,900, from funds outside the planned mine action budget.^[43] Iraq received contributions in 2005 but not 2006. Italy also contributed general mine action funds to the Organization of American States in 2006.

FINLAND - 58.4 million^[44]

2006	$6.3 million	€5 million
2005	$5.9 million	€4.7million
2004	$6 million	€4.8 million
2003	$6.3 million	€5.6 million
2002	$4.5 million	€4.8 million
2001	$4.5 million	€5 million
2000	$4.8 million
1999	$5.7 million
1998	$6.6 million
1991-1997	$7.8 million

Finland contributed €5,046,691 ($6,340,158), an increase of six percent from 2005 (€4,746,000/US$5,908,295). The increase is in part accounted for by €1,000,000 in funding to Lebanon, which did not receive funds from Finland in 2005. Funding was allocated to nine countries and three organizations in 2006. See the Finland report for more details.

BELGIUM - $41.1 million^[45][46][47]

2006	$7.1 million	€5.6 million
2005	$6.5 million	€5.2 million
2004	$5.7 million	€4.6 million
2003	$6.2 million	€5.5 million
2002	$3.6 million	€3.8 million
2001	$2.1 million	€2.2 million
2000	$2.5 million	BEF111 million
1999	$2.3 million	BEF93 million
1994-1998	$5.1 million

• R&D totaled €727,650 ($914,147) in 2006, €456,314 ($568,065) in 2005, and $10.7 million from 1994-2006.

Belgium’s mine action funding of €5,622,230 ($7,063,208) in 2006 was an increase of 8 percent from 2005, and the highest level of funding it has reported to date. Belgium provided mine action funding and assistance to 10 countries in 2006 (11 countries/areas in 2005).

FRANCE - $31.9 million^[48][49]

2006	$3.3 million	€2.6 million
2005	$3.8 million	€3.1 million
2004	$1.9 million	€1.5 million
2003	$2.5 million	€2.2 million
2002	$3.6 million	€3.8 million
2001	$2.7 million	€3 million
2000	$1.2 million
1999	$0.9 million
1995-1998	$12 million

• R&D spending was not reported by France for 2006 or 2005. In 2004, R&D contributions totaled €1.4 million ($2.2 million).

France reported a 15 percent decrease in mine action funding in 2006 (€2,601,263/ $3,267,967) from 2005. This included in-kind contributions and training, for 25 recipient countries and areas (six countries in 2005). France reported in 2007 that it contributes between 17 and 25 percent of EC funding to mine action projects through various channels.

SLOVAKIA - $24.9 million^[50][51]

2006	$14 million	SKK415.7 million
2005	$7.2 million	SKK218.5 million
2004	$3.5 million	SKK101.9 million
1996-2002	$230,000

Slovakia reported contributing SKK415,660,309 ($14,007,752) as the value of in-kind contributions of the Slovak Armed Forces to demining operations in Afghanistan and Iraq in 2006, the highest contribution to date.

IRELAND - $21.1 million^[52][53]

2006	$4.8 million	€3.8 million
2005	$2.2 million	€1.7 million
2004	$3 million	€2.4 million
2003	$2.3 million	€2 million
2002	$1.6 million	€1.7 million
2001	$2 million	€2.2 million
2000	$1.1 million
1999	$1.5 million
1994-1998	$2.6 million

Ireland’s mine action funding of €3,790,000 ($4,761,377) in 2006 was a 118 percent increase from 2005, and its largest annual contribution reported, contributed to six countries and Somaliland. Cambodia, Iraq, Laos and Lebanon received funding from Ireland in 2006 but not 2005.

AUSTRIA - $18.4 million^[54][55]

2006	$2.2 million	€1.8 million
2005	$2.2 million	€1.8 million
2004	$3 million	€2.4 million
2003	$0.9 million	€0.8 million
2002	$2 million	€2.1 million
2001	$0.9 million	ATS13.7 million
2000	$2 million	ATS30 million
1999	$1 million	ATS15 million
1994-1998	$4.2 million

Austria provided €1,763,506 ($2,215,493) in 2006, roughly the same amount as in 2005 (€1,766,752 or $2,199,430), for four countries (seven in 2005). Lebanon and Sudan received funding from Austria in 2006 but not in 2005. Austria reported that it also provides approximately 2.2 percent of overall EC development aid expenditures which include mine action contributions.^[56]

NEW ZEALAND - $13.3 million^[57][58]

2006-2007	$0.9 million	NZ$1.3 million
2005-2006	$0.9 million	NZ$1.3 million
2004-2005	$2.5 million	NZ$3.7 million
2003-2004	$1.1 million	NZ$1.6 million
2002-2003	$0.8 million	NZ$1.4 million
2001-2002	$0.7 million	NZ$1.7 million
2000-2001	$1.1 million	NZ$2.3 million
1999-2000	$0.8 million	NZ$1.6 million
1998-1999	$0.5 million	NZ$0.9 million
1992-1998	$4 million	NZ$6.9 million

• New Zealand has funded R&D programs previously, but annual totals are not available.

New Zealand reported contributions totaling NZ$1,321,660 ($858,022) for mine action during fiscal year July 2006-June 2007, a slight increase from NZ$1,290,723 ($909,831) in 2005-2006. Vietnam received funds in 2006 but not 2005. New Zealand contributed to Cambodia, DR Congo, Mozambique, Nepal and Sudan in 2005 but not 2006.

Other Mine Action Donors

Spain provided €6,847,734 ($8,602,808) in 2006, including in-kind contributions through training at its International Demining Center. Spain reported that it had “increased significantly” its contributions to mine action in 2006 and “would maintain this profile as a donor state” in 2007.^[59] Spain contributed €1,533,648 ($1,909,238) in 2005. Estimated total mine action funding to date was $18.7 million.

Greece contributed €1.9 million ($2.4 million) in February 2006 for mine action in Iraq; the funds were pledged in July 2005.^[60] Mine action funding by Greece totaled $12 million for 2001-2006.

Luxembourg provided €1,032,375 ($1,296,973) for mine action in five countries in 2006, similar to 2005 (€1,081,931/$1,346,896).^[61] No R&D funding was reported in 2006 or 2005. Total mine action funding to date was $7.2 million.

Slovenia reported contributing SIT150,099,998 ($780,520) in 2006.^[62] It provided $384,498 in 2005. Total mine action funding to date was $4.6 million.

Landmine Monitor is not aware of funding by the Republic of Korea or Iceland in 2006. The Republic of Korea contributed $1,050,000 to mine action 2005. Total mine action funding is $5.2 million.^[63] Iceland provided $1,500,000 for victim assistance in 2005. Total mine action funding was $2.8 million 1997-2006.

The Czech Republic contributed CZK26,955,311 ($1,194,120) for mine action in 2006, a decrease of 18 percent from 2005 (CZK32,886,000/$1,370,794), for Afghanistan, Croatia and Lebanon.^[64] Estimated total mine action funding to date was $3.3 million.

Poland contributed $1,332,815 to mine action in 2006. Its 2007 voluntary Article 7 report did not include a value for additional in-kind contributions in 2006. A €50,000 contribution to Bosnia and Herzegovina was reported. Landmine Monitor identified in-kind assistance to Lebanon of $1,270,000. In 2005 the reported value of Poland’s in-kind assistance to mine action was €1.6 million ($1.99 million). Total mine action funding for 2005-2006 was $3.3 million.

Research and Development Projects Reported by Donors

In 2006 five countries reported spending about $25.3 million on R&D related to mine action, a decrease of some 16 percent from 2005 ($30 million contributed by nine countries). The biggest expenditures were by the United States ($13.81 million), Japan ($9.1 million) and Canada ($1.1 million). Contributions were also made by Belgium and the United Kingdom.

Belgium contributed €727,650 ($914,147) for four R&D projects, including €51,500 ($64,699) for software development for mine clearance, €253,350 ($318,284) for detection technologies and methodologies, €122,800 ($154,274) for the International Test and Evaluation Program for Humanitarian Demining (ITEP), and €300,000 ($376,890) to APOPO for the use of rats in humanitarian mine clearance operations.^[65]

Canada contributed C$1,225,858 ($1,080,962) to R&D including C$1 million ($881,800) to the Canadian Centre for Mine Action Technology, C$100,858 ($88,937) to APOPO for the use of rats in clearance operations, and C$125,000 ($110,225) for a technology expert to GICHD.^[66]

Japan reported ¥1,058,000,000 ($9,098,800) in R&D funding, including ¥547,000,000 ($4,704,200) through the Japan Science and Technology Agency for research programs in explosives sensor technology, ¥95,000,000 ($817,000) to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization for research including portable and vehicle-mounted mine detector technology, and ¥416,000,000 ($3,577,600) to Cambodia for R&D of mine clearance equipment.^[67]

The UK provided R&D funding of £213,656 ($393,853) in fiscal year 2006-2007, consisting of £28,870 ($53,219) to DISARMCO and £184,786 ($340,635) to ERA.^[68]

The US Department of Defense spent $13.81 million on humanitarian demining R&D projects in fiscal year 2006. Of that total, $13.81 million was included in the Department of Defense budget.^[69]

In past years Landmine Monitor has reported funding to GICHD (except for funds specified for sponsorship and treaty implementation support) as R&D. However, in this edition of Landmine Monitor funds are counted as R&D only if specified for these purposes. Switzerland continued to provide GICHD with funding in 2006. Although some of this may be for R&D, Landmine Monitor has included the whole amount of GICHD funding within Switzerland’s general mine action funding because R&D amounts are not consistently differentiated.

Major Mine Action Recipients

Landmine Monitor has identified at least eight mine action funding recipients that have received more than $100 million in funding to date: Afghanistan ($602.5 million since 1993),^[70] Iraq ($288.3 million since 1993), Cambodia ($285.6 million since 1993), Angola ($225.1 million since 1993), Mozambique ($220.2 million since 1993), Bosnia and Herzegovina ($181.8 million since 1995), Lebanon (estimated $154.8 million since 2000) and Sudan ($108.9 million since 2001). Also, Kosovo ($95 million since 1999) and Laos ($82.4 million since 1994) have each received close to $100 million to date.

2006 Global Mine Action Funding  by Region^[71]

CHART MISSING HERE!!!!!

The top recipients of mine action funding in 2006 were Afghanistan ($87.5 million), Lebanon ($68.8 million), Angola ($48.1 million), Iraq ($35.3 million), Cambodia ($29.6 million) and Sudan ($28.9 million).

Notable increases–at least $5 million–in 2006 were seen in Lebanon (up $62.5 million or 992 percent), Afghanistan ($20.7 million, 31 percent), Angola ($12.3 million, 34 percent), Iraq ($7.5 million, 27 percent), Laos ($6.2 million, 85 percent), Ethiopia ($5.3 million, 202 percent), and Jordan ($5 million, 342 percent).^[72]

Significant reductions in mine action funding–at least $2 million–occurred in Sudan (down $18 million, 38 percent), Sri Lanka ($9.1 million, 48 percent), Mozambique ($3.8 million, 38 percent), Croatia ($2.9 million, 31 percent) and Albania ($3 million, 57 percent).

Mine Action Recipients in 2006

Afghanistan	$87.5 million	€69.7 million
Lebanon	$68.8 million	€54.8 million
Angola	$48.1 million	€38.3 million
Iraq	$35.3 million	€28.1 million
Cambodia	$29.6 million	€23.5 million
Sudan	$28.9 million	€23 million
Bosnia and Herzegovina	$18.8 million	€14.9 million
Laos	$13.4 million	€10.7 million
Sri Lanka	$9.9 million	€7.9 million
Vietnam	$8.3 million	€6.6 million
Ethiopia	$7.9 million	€6.3 million
Croatia	$6.5 million	€5.2 million
Jordan	$6.5 million	€5.2 million
Mozambique	$6.2 million	€5 million
Nicaragua	$5.7 million	€4.6 million
DR Congo	$5.1 million	v4.1 million
Azerbaijan	$4.8 million	€3.8 million
Colombia	$4.3 million	€3.5 million
Yemen	$4.1 million	€3.2 million
Abkhazia	$3.1 million	€2.5 million
Burundi	$3 million	€2.4 million
Somaliland	$2.9 million	€2.3 million
Chad	$2.4 million	€1.9 million
Chile	$2.3 million	€1.9 million
Albania	$2.3 million	€1.8 million
Kosovo	$2 million	€1.6 million
Somalia	$1.7 million	€1.4 million
Uganda	$1.7 million	€1.3 million
Chechnya	$1.3 million	€1.1 million
Cyprus	$1.3 million	€1 million
Tajikistan	$1.1 million	€847,556

Thirty-one countries and areas received at least $1 million in mine action funding in 2006 (31 in 2005). In addition, $1.9 million (€1.5 million) in donations were reported jointly to Montenegro and Serbia in 2006, without values differentiated for each.^[73] Jordan ($6.5 million), Chile ($2.3 million), Somalia ($1.7 million), and Tajikistan ($1.1 million) each received at least $1 million in 2006, but less than $1 million in 2005. Nagorno-Karabakh received more than $1 million in 2005 but not in 2006.

2006 Major Recipient Funding Increases^[74]

Major Mine Action Recipients

• Abkhazia - $3,100,477 (approximately €2.5 million) for mine action in 2006 were reported by four countries and the EC, a decrease of roughly five percent from 2005 ($3,253,162 reported by two countries).
• Afghanistan - $87,534,418 (€69.7 million) for mine action in 2006 was donated by 18 countries and the EC, an increase of 31 percent from 2005 ($66.8 million from 16 countries and the EC) and roughly equal to funding levels in 2004 ($91.8 million from 16 countries and the EC); a substantial portion of 2006 funds came from end-year allocations by the EC totaling €20 million ($32.7 million). UNMAS reported that “disruptions in funding” severely affected operations in 2006.
• Albania - $2,298,716 (€1.8 million) was donated in 2006 by three countries, a decrease of 57 percent from 2005 ($5,316,712 from three countries and the EC).
• Angola - $48,108,122 (€38.3 million) was donated in 2006 by 16 countries and the EC, an increase of 34 percent from 2005 ($35,771,510 from 17 countries and the EC).
• Azerbaijan - $4,781,700 (€3.8 million) was donated in 2006 by two countries and the EC, an increase of approximately 17 percent from 2005 ($4,100,776 from three countries).
• Bosnia and Herzegovina - $18,764,851 (€14.9 million) was donated in 2006 by 14 countries and the EC in 2006, an increase of 23 percent from 2005 ($15.3 million from 15 countries). Burundi - $2,987,894 (€2.4 million) was donated in 2006 by three countries and the EC, an increase of 32 percent from 2005 ($2,270,595 from three countries and the EC).
• Cambodia - $29,583,031 (€23.5 million) was donated in 2006 by 13 countries and the EC, an increase of 24 percent from 2005 ($23.9 million from 14 countries).
• Chad - $2,384,274 (€1.9 million) was donated in 2006 by two countries, roughly a 103 percent increase from 2005 ($1,169,000 from the United States).
• Chechnya - $1,334,902 (€1.1 million) was donated in 2006 by six countries and the EC, an increase of 36 percent from 2005 ($982,124 from three countries).
• Chile - $2,333,923 (€1.9 million) was donated in 2006 by five countries and the EC, an increase of 137 percent from 2005 ($985,849 from three countries).
• Colombia - $4,336,602 (€3.5 million) was donated in 2006 by six countries and the EC, an increase of 86 percent from 2005 ($2,332,300 from seven countries and the EC).
• Croatia - $6,543,964 (€5.2 million) was donated by nine countries in 2006, a decrease of 31 percent from 2005 ($9,491,287 from eight countries and the EC).
• Cyprus - $1,256,300 (€1 million) was contributed by the EC in 2006; the EC previously donated €5 million in multiyear funding from 2004 to 2006.
• DR Congo - $5,109,463 (€4.1 million) was donated in 2006 by seven countries and the EC, an increase of five percent from 2005 ($4,864,770 from eight countries and the EC).
• Ethiopia - $7,859,540 (€6.3 million) was donated in 2006 by five countries and the EC, an increase of some 200 percent from 2005 ($2,604,980 from six countries).
• Iraq - $35,288,325 (€28.1 million) was donated by 14 countries in 2006, an increase of some 27 percent from 2005 ($27.8 million from 14 countries).
• Jordan - $6,475,440 (€5.2 million) was donated in 2006 by 10 countries, an increase of 342 percent from 2005 ($1,464,826 from three countries and the EC).
• Kosovo - $2,007,518 (€1.6 million) was donated in 2006 by four countries and the EC, an increase of six percent from 2005 ($1,895,252 from six countries).
• Laos - $13,383,570 (€10.7 million) was donated in 2006 by nine countries and the EC, an increase of 85 percent from 2005 ($7,231,485 from 10 countries).
• Lebanon - $68,845,935 (€54.8 million) was donated in 2006 for emergency and other mine action in Lebanon in 2006 by 20 countries and the EC, compared to $6.3 million provided by six countries and other funding channels in 2005.
• Mozambique - $6,219,923 (€5 million) was donated in 2006 by nine countries and the EC, a decrease of 38 percent from 2005 (some $10 million from 12 countries).
• Nicaragua - $5,722,481 (€4.6 million) was donated in 2006 by six countries, an increase of 64 percent from 2005 ($3,499,295 from six countries).
• Somalia - $1,738,143 (€1.4 million) was donated in 2006 by two countries and the EC, compared to $110,000 donated by one country in 2005.
• Somaliland - $2,931,329 (€2.3 million) was donated in 2006 by seven countries and the EC, a decrease of 21 percent from 2005 ($3,729,030 from six countries).
• Sri Lanka - $9,932,574 (€7.9 million) was donated in 2006 by eight countries and the EC, a decrease of 48 percent from 2005 ($19,045,929 from 10 countries and the EC).
• Sudan - $28,934,082 (€23 million) was donated in 2006 by 12 countries and the EC, a 38 percent decrease from 2005 ($46,914,250 from 14 countries and the EC), largely accounted for by the drop in Japan’s funding in 2006 after a significant contribution in 2005.
• Tajikistan - $1,064,785 (€847,556) was donated in 2006 by four countries, an increase of 15 percent from 2005 ($924,168 from three countries and the EC).
• Uganda - $1,666,251 (€1.3 million) was donated in 2006 by four countries in 2006, a small decrease from 2005 ($1,763,449 from five countries).
• Vietnam - $8,256,167 (€6.6 million) was donated in 2006 by six countries, an increase of 44 percent from 2005 ($5,736,918 from six countries).
• Yemen - $4,072,155 (€3.2 million) was donated in 2006 by four countries and the EC, a 66 percent increase from 2005 ($2,458,864 from six countries).

---